Synthetic | Mineral | Animal | Bast (stem) | Leaf | Fruit/Seed | Root | Grass | Wood |
aramid alumina (Saffil) boron carbon cellulose/viscose ceramic glass metal PBX (PBI/PBO/PBT) polymer polypropylene (Innegra) silicon carbide UHMWPE (Dyneema/Spectra) |
asbestos: ~Mg3(Si2O5)(OH)4 basalt brucite: ~Mg(OH)2 (glass) slate wollastonite: ~CaSiO3 |
camel hair fibre
feather hair mulberry silk (Bombyx mori) spider silk Tussah silk (oak silkmoth) wool |
Apocynum venetum
|
abaca/banana (Musa)
|
arecanut (Areca catechu) babassu nut shell mesocarp borassus (Borassus abelilifer) calotropis coir (Cocos nucifera) cotton (Gossypium) kapok (Ceiba pentandra) luff sponge (Luffa aegyptica) milkweed (Asclepia) oil palm fruit bunch (OPFB/Elaeis) poplar (Populus) rice hull sponge gourd (Luffa) tamarind (Tamarindus) tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) [Rajabipour et al, 2004, Aly, 2017, Bugatti et al, 2019, Li et al, 2020.] |
bridal veil broom (Retama monosperma) broom (Muhlenbergia) carrot (Daucus) cassava (Manihot esculenta) [parsnip (Pastinaca)] sugar beet [rutabaga (Brassica)] [swede (Brassica)] [turnip (Brassica)] Veldt grape (Cissus quadrangularis) vetiver (grass root) [sources originally identified by CelluComp but not yet exploited] |
alfa/esparto (Stipa tenacissima) bagasse (Saccharum ~ sugarcane or sorghum) bamboo (Bambusa) bamboo (Guadua angustifolia) canary grass (Phalaris) cereal straw elephant grass (Miscanthus) Napier grass (Pennisetum purpureum) Peruvian grass (Stipa obtusa) reed (Phragmites) sabai (Eulaliopsis) sea grass (Zostera marina) switchgrass (Panicum virgatum) totora (Scirpus) |
hardwood (angiosperm) Acacia leucophloea Isora (Helicteres) Leucaena collinsii bark softwood (gymnosperm) |